链路层 ip link, ethtool
IP 层 ip addr, ip route, ping
DNS dig, resolvectl, getent
TCP ss, nc, traceroute/mtr
TLS openssl s_client, curl -v
HTTP curl -v, 网关日志
抓包 tcpdump
常用命令
ip-br addr
ip route
ethtool<iface>ethtool-S<iface>|grep-i-E'drop|error|crc'ping-c4<host>mtr-rwc50<host>ss -lntpss -tinc-vz-w5<host><port>dig +short <domain>dig @<dns-server><domain>resolvectl status
curl-v --connect-timeout 5 https://<host>/
openssl s_client -connect<host>:443 -servername<host>tcpdump -ni any host<host> and port <port>conntrack -L|headnft list ruleset